#include <unistd.h>
ssize_t readlink(const char *pathname, char *buf, size_t bufsiz);
#include <fcntl.h> /* Definition of AT_* constants */
#include <unistd.h>
ssize_t readlinkat(int dirfd, const char *pathname,
char *buf, size_t bufsiz);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
feature_test_macros(7)):
readlink():
readlinkat():
If the pathname given in pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by readlink() for a relative pathname).
If pathname is relative and dirfd is the special value AT_FDCWD, then pathname is interpreted relative to the current working directory of the calling process (like readlink()).
If pathname is absolute, then dirfd is ignored.
Since Linux 2.6.39, pathname can be an empty string, in which case the call operates on the file referred to by dirfd (which may have been obtained using the open(2) O_PATH flag). In this case, dirfd can refer to any type of file, not just a directory.
See openat(2) for an explanation of the need for readlinkat().
The following additional errors can occur for readlinkat():
Using a statically sized buffer might not provide enough room for the symbolic link contents. The required size for the buffer can be obtained from the stat.st_size value returned by a call to lstat(2) on the link. However, the number of bytes written by readlink() and readlinkat() should be checked to make sure that the size of the symbolic link did not increase between the calls. Dynamically allocating the buffer for readlink() and readlinkat() also addresses a common portability problem when using PATH_MAX for the buffer size, as this constant is not guaranteed to be defined per POSIX if the system does not have such limit.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct stat sb;
char *linkname;
ssize_t r;
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <pathname>\n", argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (lstat(argv[1], &sb) == -1) {
perror("lstat");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
linkname = malloc(sb.st_size + 1);
if (linkname == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "insufficient memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
r = readlink(argv[1], linkname, sb.st_size + 1);
if (r == -1) {
perror("readlink");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (r > sb.st_size) {
fprintf(stderr, "symlink increased in size "
"between lstat() and readlink()\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
linkname[r] = '\0';
printf("'%s' points to '%s'\n", argv[1], linkname);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}